Medical Conditions

What exactly is The Anterior Cruciate Ligament

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) attaches to the femur (thigh bone) and the tibia (shin bone) and essentially prevents the femur from slipping too far forwards. Like other ligaments in the knee, the ACL provides stability and allows movement like a rotation of the knee. Injuries to the ACL cause both pain and swelling in the knee.

According to the Parramatta knee specialist in Sydney Australia, bestkneesurgeon site - orthopaedic surgeon ACL tears often result in other injuries for example arthritis and cartilage tears. Because the ACL helps stabilise the knee, injuries to the ACL make the knee less stable. When the knee is less stable, sudden pivoting movements are extremely challenging and often result in arthritis and cartilage tears.

Treatment for ACL Injuries

Once the ACL is completely torn, it cannot heal back together, even when the ends are sewn back together. The graft is secured by tunnels which can be made in the tibia and femur.

Medial Collateral Ligament Injury A direct strike to the outer aspect of the knee typically causes injuries to the MCL. Those athletes who play football and soccer are in the highest danger. When the knee is forced sideways, the MCL can rip and result in knee pain. Swelling will occur with an MCL injury too and the knee will become unstable and give way.

When the MCL is split seriously and cannot cure accurately, an operation is crucial. This will require grafting a piece of tendon to allow the parts of the torn ligament to connect to. Most of that period, however, these injuries can be treated without surgical intervention.

The medical collateral ligament (MCL) is found on the inside of the knee joint and functions to prevent the joint from opening up. Like the ACL, the MCL attaches to the femur and tibia and controls firmness in the knee. Harms to the MCL include pain and swelling in the knee.

Ordinarily, MCL injuries occur when the knee joint buckles after being hit. In addition to hits to the outside of the knee, stretching the MCL too far can also cause it to rip.

Treatment for MCL Strains and Tears

MCL injuries heal fast and rarely require surgery. Resting the knee, icing the injury and taking anti-inflammatory drugs can help the injury heal faster.

Acute sprains to the MCL occasionally necessitate a knee brace. Ordinarily, even patients with knee braces can resume regular activity and fit task when they are no longer experiencing pain. If the injury is even more intense, physical therapy and a 3 to 4-month break from regular action is required.

The human knee consists of many vital parts, all of which are vulnerable to injury. Sprains, tearing of ligaments, dislocations and fractures top the knee injury list. The most common indications of knee injury include swelling and pain around the region. Here is a list of common knee injuries as well as their remedies.

Dislocation Possibly one of the most common knee injury, dislocation happens at the point when the bones of the knee move out of place. This displacement of the bones of the knee could be either partial or complete. Falls, car crashes, high impact trauma and sport related clashes are the main causes of knee dislocations.

Fractures A fracture occurs when the bone in the knee is broken. The patella is the most common bone that usually gets broken around the knee. Another common fracture spot is at the ends of the femur and tibia, just where they connect. Like in the case of dislocations, falls, car crashes, high impact trauma and sport related clashes are the main causes of knee fractures.

Tendon Tears The knee contains the patellar and quadriceps tendons which can be torn when overstretched. Everyone is prone to tendon tears, but it is more prevalent among athletes and middle aged people. Common causes of knee tendon injuries arise from awkward landings during high jumps, falls and direct impact to the knee.

Meniscal Tears This injury is mostly common with athletes who strain during physical activities. When the athlete is tackled, the knee twists or pivots badly which results to sudden meniscal tears. Aging and arthritis are also contributing factors of meniscal tears. Old people may twist their feet while doing simple tasks and may result in knee injury.

Ligament injuries Ligament injuries are different and affect different knee ligaments. They are mostly affected by high impact during sports activities. The various knee ligaments that are commonly injured are the posterior cruciate, collateral and the anterior cruciate ligaments

Knee Injury Treatments Professional medical help should be sought if the knee injury cannot be managed with home remedies. This is referred to a doctor know as a orthopaedic surgeon. When referred to a Chatswood knee specialist you could undergo an MRI or CAT scan to determine if knee surgery is required.

Below is a list of different knee treatments.

1. Meniscectomy When a part of the knee cartilage referred to as meniscus is torn, meniscectomy knee surgery is a possible solution. Arthroscopy is the most common form of meniscectomy in which small incisions are induced around the knee area. Various instruments including a small camera are inserted to help alleviate the damaged meniscus. In certain cases, there is the possibility of repairing the cartilage rather than opting for complete removal. In other cases, the meniscus is transplanted, replaced by a donorâs cartilage. Arthritis and further knee injury are lessened with the cartilage replacement procedure.

2. Tendon Repair Rupture to the quadriceps and patellar tendons can happen which affects the movement and flexibility of the leg. Located at the front of the knee, these two tendons are prome to injury after high impact. In severe cases, surgical repair is prompted for cases where these two tendons are affected.

3. Partial Knee Replacement: A small number of patients may succumb to partial or unicompartmental knee replacement. This occurs when injury is limited to just one section of the knee. Metal and plastic components are used to replace damaged portions of the knee. Faster recovery, smaller incision and lesser loss of blood are some of the advantages of such a procedure.

4. Full Knee Replacement Some patients who suffer serious damage to the knee might have to get full knee replacement. This is especially common with people suffering from severe arthritis in the knees. Depending on the severity of the injury, the doctor might decline partial knee replacement in favour of full knee replacement.

Infertility is the biggest problem encountered by a lot of couples today. Not being able to have a child is a great frustration. Some have been seeing their Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and some tend to seek for a quack doctors help. However, before a woman who wants to conceive a baby goes to any fertility doctor, there are certain things she needs to be aware of.

Those known as reproductive endocrinologists or general gynaecologists should be the first ones to ask. It is because these professionals know the right procedures of doing the first level of evaluation which will give you accurate knowledge about your condition and its treatment as well. It is advised though that you shouldnt just hire any professional you heard of or meet. Look into the experience and trainings attended by the doctor.

Some women dont pay much attention to the professional they are seeing, they tend to assume that whom they are talking to is a fertility specialist. Ask that doctor if she is a fellowship trained fertility specialist. To be sure, you can ask them if they have taken 3 years of studying Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility fellowship. You should also know at what point you will be referred to a fertility doctor. Usually, it is right after 6 to 12 months of continuous treatment for a patient to be referred. There are some cases in which patients schedule for this procedure will be based upon the main cause of being unable to conceive and sometimes even their age.

If you are learning about gay surrogacy Los Angeles, still there are many things to consider. First thing to consider is the clinic or the doctor that will handle you through all this case. Know the numbers like the total pregnancies, on-going, and live births they have in record. Doing this can add more confidence and courage in your dream to get pregnant.

Of course, the cost of the treatment shouldnt be overlooked. Sometimes, couples seeking for infertility solution get tired and frustrated with the changing costs their doctors give them. To avoid this, make sure every information about how they come up with the cost has been clear to you. You may want to be sure if it is all inclusive or not. Also ask if there are necessary lab tests and if you will have to pay each time tests will be run. Taking IVF is really a long and expensive procedure that needs to be taken seriously.

This kind of situation is somewhat difficult to handle so make sure you find a reliable fertility doctor whose clinic has already treated infertility more than twice.

Glaucoma is a group of several diseases that cause damage to the optic nerve, if untreated, leading to permanent blindness. The optic nerve is the nerve that connects retina to the brain, where the signals received are transformed into images. Aqueous humor, a clear liquid is constantly being released in the eye that circulates in its front portion and is constantly being flowed out of the eye. This mechanism is necessary to maintain a constant pressure in the eye. In this condition either the liquid is not flowing out of the eye, or is being produced in excessive amount than a high fluid pressure is build in the eye, causing damage to the optical nerve.

The condition is known to be hereditary in nature, i.e. transmitted from parents to children. But in some cases, there may be reasons other than natural development. This includes some chemical or blunt injury in the eye, blockage of blood vessels in the eye, as a side effect of eye surgery for some other problem, and severe eye infection.

The eye fluid moves in and out of the anterior chamber in eye continuously to nourish the tissues. The fluid leaves the eye through the chamber from an angle at the junction of cornea and iris. In some conditions, even the angel is open but the fluid passes through it too slowly that it builds up the pressure, hence damaging the optical nerve. This condition is called open-angel glaucoma. There are no clear symptoms at the initial stage. It slowly keeps damaging the vision. Initially, it damages peripheral vision, which in most of the cases is the first sign of this problem. Other symptoms may include redness in the eye, nausea or vomiting, narrowing of vision, eye pain, and appearance of halos around eyes.

Angle-closure glaucoma is caused when the angle between iris and cornea is very narrow and gets blocked by the iris. The blockage causes the sudden pressure building of the fluid in the eye. This creates an emergency situation and immediate medical help should be taken even if the symptoms stop. The symptoms of this condition may include pain in eyes, redness in eyes, headache, halos around light, vision loss and nausea.

The treatment of this disorder is possible if detected at an early stage. As in most of the cases, no symptoms appear initially, hence a regular eye check up is the only way to survive this problem. In some cases, lasik surgery may be possible, however it is not a common procedure.

Do Knee Braces Help? Pain mainly occurs at the start of and after exercise. In the initial stages of treatment, painful activities can be minimized and the patient should take regular anti-inflammatory drug. Pain and immediate swelling are the early symptoms of ACL strain. Sometimes, patients complain of a popping sound which is actually a ligament tear sound. Pain killers are both the secret weapon and dirty little secret of professional football. Their use and abuse is something I would love to see someone like Carl Prine or Chris Mortensen tackle.

Custom made knee braces can cost a lot of money as much as up to $1,500. However your health insurance might cover it! Custom-fit orthopaedic braces is great though keep me stable during sparring and heavy lifting (yard work, weight training). Presized braces involve measuring the thigh circumference 6 in above the mid-patella and selecting the corresponding size of the knee brace .

Doctors at the University of South Florida are studying new technology that will help prevent heat illness in athletes. This cutting edge research allows doctors to administer an electronic pill the size of a multivitamin to athletes prior to training in hot weather.

A dislocated joint is an emergency situation that requires immediate medical attention and treatment. Contact sessions are 4.7 times more likely to produce injuries. Lower-extremity injuries account for approximately 50% of all injuries, with knee injuries accounting for up to around 36%.

Injuries do not only happen to professional athletes but to everyone. Every year more and more keen young,motivated people are joining the ranks of devoted sports players. Injuries happen to the beginner and as well as the elite players. Athletes have had injuries such as, ankle fractures and ACL tears, shoulder dislocations the same patterns of injuries seen in contact sports such as rugby, hockey, and football.

Lastly, we would like to let you know that custom knee braces are not always the perfect answer for your knees. Unless you have unusually shaped knees, a well designed non custom knee braces will not only serve you very well, they will also save you several hundred of dollars.

Australian doctors and orthopaedic surgeons have perfected many knee braces for football sports injuries. Dr Merv Cross, regarded as the best knee surgeon in Parramatta demonstrates their effectiveness following specialist knee surgery.

The non hinge type of knee braces are pretty much what I call "mind braces". They only really help your knee in your mind. There are exceptions such as, if you have a knee cap problem the non hinged braces works and the pressure of the non hinge braces can help the athlete cease thinking about the pain and it is awesome.

If you need good knee protection or a knee guard you need to get a knee brace with a hinge which is custom made for you. The elastic type of knee braces will not help you prevent 99% of knee injuries or damage. They might help in knee function but this depends upon the problem you may be having.

The most sensible thing for you to do is seek advice from your orthopaedic surgeon about what type of knee brace is suitable for you that will put a stop to more damage and lessen the risk of injury to your knee happening in football.

Infertility is the biggest problem encountered by a lot of couples today. Not being able to have a child is a great frustration. Some have been seeing their Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and some tend to seek for a quack doctors help. However, before a woman who wants to conceive a baby goes to any fertility doctor, there are certain things she needs to be aware of.

Whom you should consult first must be a general gynaecologist or a reproductive endocrinologist. They are the right experts to give you the basic infertility treatment as well as checking your condition. However, make sure not to easily trust someone. You need to know the doctors capacity first through evaluating her acquired training and experience.

Some women dont pay much attention to the professional they are seeing, they tend to assume that whom they are talking to is a fertility specialist. You can ask your doctor or do some research if he/she is really a fertility expert or not. You will know she is if after she graduated, she did attend the Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility fellowship, a training for specializing in fertility carried out for three years. Aside from that, being aware when or at what point you should see a fertility doctor is also necessary. Usually, it is right after 6 to 12 months of continuous treatment for a patient to be referred. However, certain factors like age or the cause of being unable to conceive is usually the reason why other women are needed to be referred.

There are still a lot of things to consider even if you are a good candidate for IVF or pgd in Los Angeles. You need to know if the doctor or her clinic has been reliable and efficient in handling such cases like yours. Know the numbers like the total pregnancies, on-going, and live births they have in record. Knowing this will strengthen up your hope and make you determined in reaching your goal to have a baby.

Of course, the cost of the treatment shouldnt be overlooked. Since the cost may change from time to time based on your doctor, there are some couples who give up on seeking for infertility solution. Its really necessary that you understand all the cost of the treatment and everything that you have to pay for. Much better if you inquire if it is all inclusive or not . Also ask if there are necessary lab tests and if you will have to pay each time tests will be run. Keep in mind that IVF is expensive so you should take everything seriously.

Being in this difficult situation, the least thing that you could do is find a reliable and successful fertility clinic and be handled with a fertility doctor you are comfortable with.

A cataract is a clouding of the innate lens found in the eye and is located behind the pupil and the iris.

The disorder is the most popular cause of vision loss in individuals above forty years and is regarded as the principal cause of blindness globally. In fact, studies have shown that there are more cataracts globally than there are diabetic retinopathies, macular degeneration, and glaucoma cases combined.

The disorder comes in the following forms:

1. Subcapsular eye disorder - it takes place at the back of the lens. Individuals with diabetes or those consuming high doses of steroid medications have a higher risk of developing subcapsular disorders.

2. Nuclear eye disorder - it forms deep in the nucleus (central zone) of the eye lens. A nuclear disorder is commonly associated with aging.

3. Cortical eye disorder - type of eye disorder characterized by white and wedge-like opacities that begin at the lens periphery and work their way to the center using a spoke-like fashion. It occurs in the lens cortex.

Symptoms & Signs

They often start out small and will initially have very little effect on your vision. However, you may notice that your vision has become a little blurred.

When you have this condition, it may make light from a lamp or the sun seems glaring or too bright. Also, colors will not appear as bright as they once did.

For instance, when a nuclear cataract first appears, it may bring about a temporary improvement in near vision, which is called second sight.

Unfortunately, this will be short-lived, and it will disappear as the cataract begins to worsen.

What Causes this Eye Disorder

The lens in your eye works in the same manner as a camera lens, focusing the light onto the retina for clear vision. It will also adjust the focus of the eye allowing you to see things clearly, both up close and from afar.

The lens is primarily made from protein and water. As you get age, the protein starts clumping together and cloud a small part of the lens. This is called a cataract, and as time passes, it may grow bigger and cloud a larger part of the lens making it hard for you to see.

Apart from aging, other risk factors include: